LITERATURE REVIEW IMPLEMENTATION AND CHALLENGES OF FLEXIBLE MANUFACTURING SYSTEM IN ENHANCING INDUSTRY 4.0 COMPETITIVENESS

Abstract

A Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS) is a key paradigm in modern manufacturing, characterized as an integrated system capable of adapting to internal and external changes. Its core lies in the ability to shift to producing new products typical of small- to medium-batch manufacturing. This study integrates three main pillars of FMS: (1) Conceptualization and Flexibility Control, (2) Performance Analysis through Simulation, and (3) Integration with Industry 4.0 Technologies. Discrete-event simulation tools such as Petri Nets and Visual Slam AweSim are essential for accurate performance analysis due to the complexity of FMS component interactions. Industry 4.0 technologies, including IoT, AI, and Autonomous Mobile Robots (AMR) or Automated Guided Vehicles (AGV), further enhance overall flexibility and optimize intralogistics. However, full FMS implementation faces major challenges related to cost and complexity, particularly for Small Scale Industries (SSI). This paper provides a holistic review for understanding and leveraging FMS in the digital era.